如今，隨著經濟的快速發(fā)展，人口的增加提高了人們對生活水平的要求，生活垃圾日益增多，已經成為城市的一個長期污染源。它不僅侵占了大量的土地，如果處理不當，還會造成空氣污染、土壤污染和水污染。
Nowadays, with the rapid development of economy and the increase of population, people's demand for living standard is improved. Domestic waste is increasing day by day, which has become a long-term pollution source of the city. It not only occupies a lot of land, but also causes air pollution, soil pollution and water pollution if it is not handled properly.
如何變廢為寶，形成可再生能源已成為亟待解決的問題，從而形成垃圾焚燒發(fā)電技術。然而，垃圾焚燒過程中產生的煙氣處理是一個值得思考的難題。在國家垃圾焚燒政策的支持下，將進入一個黃金發(fā)展時期。相關政策和國家污染控制標準也將對垃圾焚燒污染控制提出更高的要求。提高公眾的環(huán)境意識和權利意識，提高垃圾焚燒廠的技術水平，特別是山東煙氣處理技術。
How to turn waste into treasure and form renewable energy has become an urgent problem to be solved, thus forming waste incineration power generation technology. However, the treatment of flue gas generated in the process of waste incineration is a problem worthy of consideration. With the support of the national waste incineration policy, it will enter a golden period of development. Relevant policies and national pollution control standards will also put forward higher requirements for waste incineration pollution control. Improve the environmental awareness and rights awareness of the public, and improve the technical level of waste incineration plants, especially the flue gas treatment technology in Shandong Province.
煙氣處理技術主要指脫硫。石灰石——石膏脫硫工藝是世界上應用最廣泛的脫硫技術。日本、德國和美國火電廠使用的煙氣脫硫裝置中，約有90%采用這種工藝。其工作原理是：石灰石粉加水制成漿液，漿液作為吸收劑泵入吸收塔，與煙氣充分接觸混合；煙氣中的二氧化硫和漿液中的碳酸鈣以及從塔下部吹出的空氣發(fā)生氧化反應生成硫酸鈣；硫酸鈣達到一定飽和度后，硫酸鈣結晶形成二水石膏。
Flue gas treatment technology mainly refers to desulfurization. Limestone gypsum desulfurization process is the most widely used desulfurization technology in the world. About 90% of the flue gas desulfurization devices used in thermal power plants in Japan, Germany and the United States adopt this process. Its working principle is: limestone powder is made into slurry by adding water, slurry is pumped into the absorption tower as absorbent, and is fully mixed with flue gas; sulfur dioxide in flue gas reacts with calcium carbonate in slurry and air blown out from the lower part of tower to produce calcium sulfate; after calcium sulfate reaches a certain saturation, calcium sulfate crystallizes to form gypsum dihydrate.
吸收塔排出的石膏漿液經濃縮脫水，使其含水量小于10%，然后由輸送機輸送至石膏料倉堆放。脫硫后的煙氣通過除霧器去除霧滴，然后由換熱器加熱，再由煙囪排入大氣。由于吸收塔中的吸收劑漿液通過循環(huán)泵與煙氣反復循環(huán)接觸，吸收劑利用率很高，鈣和硫相對較低，脫硫效率可達95%以上。
The gypsum slurry discharged from the absorption tower is concentrated and dehydrated to make its water content less than 10%, and then transported by conveyor to the gypsum silo for stacking. The desulfurized flue gas is removed by mist eliminator, heated by heat exchanger and discharged into the atmosphere by chimney. Because the absorbent slurry in the absorption tower repeatedly circulates with the flue gas through the circulating pump, the utilization rate of absorbent is very high, the calcium and sulfur are relatively low, and the desulfurization efficiency can reach more than 95%.
高溫煙氣除塵的關鍵在于濾袋的選擇。濾袋中使用的聚四氟乙烯過濾材料是熱定形的，用聚四氟乙烯浸漬后，在纖維表面和交叉點形成聚四氟乙烯保護膜，因此可以很容易地除去灰塵。同時，濾袋表面經過防水防油處理，使過濾材料具有優(yōu)異的耐酸、耐堿腐蝕和水解穩(wěn)定性。濾袋有足夠的強度來承受濾袋的額外負荷和積聚的灰塵。當除塵器清理灰塵時，脈沖噴射閥定期啟動，使濾袋徑向變形并抖落灰塵。除塵器過濾未反應的脫硫劑，壓縮空氣將未反應的脫硫劑吹回到脫硫塔，從而提高脫硫劑的有效利用率。
The key of high temperature flue gas dust removal is the selection of filter bag. The polytetrafluoroethylene filter material used in the filter bag is heat setting. After being impregnated with polytetrafluoroethylene, a polytetrafluoroethylene protective film is formed on the surface and intersection of the fibers, so the dust can be easily removed. At the same time, the surface of the filter bag is treated with waterproof and oil proof, so that the filter material has excellent acid resistance, alkali corrosion resistance and hydrolysis stability. The filter bag has enough strength to bear the extra load of the filter bag and the accumulated dust. When the dust collector cleans up the dust, the pulse jet valve starts regularly to make the filter bag radial deformation and shake off the dust. The dust collector filters the unreacted desulfurizer, and the compressed air blows the unreacted desulfurizer back to the desulfurization tower, so as to improve the effective utilization rate of desulfurizer.
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